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What is the cause of hemorrhoids?

Posted on by elrn
Causes of hemorrhoids
21
Nov
Hemorrhoids: Causes and Evidence-Based Prevention
Hemorrhoids develop due to increased pressure and swelling of the veins in the anus and rectum. This results from a combination of factors that impair venous return and weaken the supporting connective tissues.
Primary Causes
The main driver is elevated pressure in the lower rectum.
  • Straining:​ Chronic constipation or diarrhea, leading to excessive straining during bowel movements, is a leading cause.
  • Prolonged Pressure:​ Sitting or standing for extended periods can cause blood to pool in the anal veins.
  • Increased Abdominal Pressure:​ Conditions like obesity, pregnancy, heavy lifting, and chronic coughing significantly increase pressure on the pelvic veins.
    Causes of hemorrhoids
Key Risk Factors and Lifestyle Influences
Several modifiable habits significantly increase risk.
  1. Diet:​ A low-fiber diet and inadequate hydration can lead to hard stools and constipation.
  2. Bowel Habits:​ Spending excessive time on the toilet (e.g., reading on the phone) increases anal canal pressure.
  3. Physical Inactivity:​ A sedentary lifestyle contributes to poor circulation and constipation.
Other Contributing Factors
  • Pregnancy and Childbirth:​ The weight of the fetus and hormonal changes pressure rectal veins. Straining during delivery can cause acute onset.
  • Aging:​ The risk increases with age as the supporting tissues in the rectum and anus naturally weaken.
  • Genetics:​ A family history may predispose individuals to weaker venous walls.
Summary and Proactive Prevention Strategies
Prevention is centered on reducing pressure and promoting healthy bowel function.
Actionable recommendations include:
  • High-Fiber Diet:​ Consume plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to soften stools.
  • Adequate Hydration:​ Drink plenty of fluids to aid digestion.
  • Healthy Bowel Habits:​ Avoid straining and limit time on the toilet. Respond promptly to the urge to defecate.
  • Regular Exercise:​ Stay active to improve circulation and prevent constipation.
  • Weight Management:​ Maintain a healthy weight to reduce abdominal pressure.
Consult a healthcare professional if you experience persistent symptoms like bleeding, pain, or prolapse for an accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plan.
elrn

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