Shingles
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Reactivation of the Varicella-Zoster Virus The root cause of herpes zoster is the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus. The initial infection with this virus causes chickenpox. After recovery, the virus remains dormant in the nerve ganglia. When the body’s immunity declines, the latent virus may reactivate and travel along the nerve fibers to the skin, causing herpes zoster. After reactivation, the virus leads to nerve inflammation and skin damage, manifesting as a painful rash distributed along the nerve. -
Decreased Immunity Decreased immunity is a significant trigger for the onset of herpes zoster. Any factor that weakens immune function can potentially reactivate the latent virus. Common scenarios include chronic sleep deprivation, overexertion, and malnutrition. When immune system function is compromised, its ability to suppress the virus diminishes, increasing the likelihood of a herpes zoster outbreak. -
Aging Aging is closely related to the incidence of herpes zoster. The incidence is significantly higher in individuals over 50 years of age, which is associated with age-related decline in immune function. As people age, the immune system gradually weakens, reducing its ability to monitor and clear the virus, making it easier for the latent virus to reactivate. -
Influence of Chronic Diseases Certain chronic diseases may increase the risk of developing herpes zoster. Patients with conditions such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, or malignant tumors are more susceptible to herpes zoster. These diseases can either directly affect immune system function or require long-term use of immunosuppressive medications, indirectly promoting viral reactivation. -
Excessive Mental Stress Prolonged excessive mental stress can trigger herpes zoster. Persistent psychological stress leads to increased levels of stress hormones in the body, which can suppress immune system function. This immunosuppressed state may disrupt the balance between the virus and the host, allowing the latent virus to become active again. Major life events, chronic anxiety, and depression are all associated with the onset of herpes zoster.
